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Creative 3D Modeling Through Human-AI Co-creative Interaction:  

An Intermittent, Incremental, and Non-Linear Workflow Framework 

​Abstract​

The creative processes of digital artists are often exploratory, iterative, and open-ended, presenting a misalignment with existing generative AI tools which predominantly operate through linear input-to-output paradigms. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a prototype generative AI creative support tool aimed at fostering incremental and selective interactions, enabling artists to maintain authorship while leveraging AI for inspiration. Through user testing with 3D artists and designers, we observed that the tool supported non-linear workflows by introducing novel ideas, encouraging non-linear re-evaluation of designs, and reinforcing a sense of artistic authorship over the output. However, participants also faced challenges, including difficulties integrating AI outputs into their workflows and moments of creative friction when outputs diverged from their intentions. Our work contributes to ongoing efforts in reimagining generative AI systems to enhance, rather than constrain, the creative agency of artists and designers, and proposes an alternate workflow framework to support non-linear, iterative, and discursive creative processes. 

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CCS CONCEPTS •  Human-centered computing •  Human computer interaction (HCI) • HCI design and evaluation methods •  Usability testing  

Additional Keywords and Phrases: Human-AI Co-creativity, Creative Design, Creativity Support Tool 

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